<span>When a bone breaks your body immediately begins working to heal it. Within the first hours of a fracture a blood clot forms around the break and special cells call phagocytes begin cleaning germs from the bone fragments. Then, a soft callus composed of collagen is created around the break. Next, a hard callus forms as osteoblast cells work to create new bone to aid in the reconstruction process. After all is said and done the bone is remodeled by cells called osteoclasts. The bone will be completely rebuilt in 3-9 years.</span>
viruses are tiny bundles of genetic material which is carried in a viral coat.
<u>Explanation:</u>
- The virus is generally a parasite that needs a host to become active and to reproduce. It cannot reproduce without the host.
- The tiny bundle consists of genetic material and protein. The virus consists of capsid and nucleic acid. This capsid is said to be the protein coat.
- This capsid consists of either RNA or DNA. virus replicate themself within the host body by using its genetic material along with the mechanism of the host.
- Thus after replicating the virus need to get out of host cell, It is performed by two types budding or lysis( bursting the host cell ).
Having two copies of the mutated genes cause sickle cell anemia, but having just one copy does not, and can actually protect against malaria - an example of how mutations are sometimes beneficial.
The majority of mutations have neither negative nor positive effects on the organism in which they occur. These mutations are called neutral mutations. Examples include silent point mutations. They are neutral because they do not change the amino acids in the proteins they encode.
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Most eukaryotic cells that are not involved in the production of gametes undergo mitosis. These cells, known as somatic cells, are important to the survival of eukaryotic organisms, and it is essential that somatic parent and daughter cells do not vary from one another.
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Answer:
The answer is 3. Double Helix.
