Answer: Cognitive Dissonance
Explanation:
The term cognitive dissonance is used to describe the feelings of discomfort that result from two contradictory beliefs. When there is a discrepancy between beliefs and behaviors, something has to change in order to eliminate or reduce the dissonance.
People have an inner need to ensure that their beliefs and behaviors are consistent. Inconsistent or conflicting beliefs lead to disharmony, which people strive to avoid.
To provide citizens with basic rights and rule a certain geographic area which considered itself to be a country or a nation, or something similar. Governments are and have been in the past an essential tool which enabled the functioning of a larger group of people.
Gamblers and fisherman sometimes have a difficult time controlling their need to gamble and fish, respectively, because of the <u>Variable-ratio </u>schedule of reinforcement.
Explanation:
A schedule of reinforcement is part of operant conditioning which states about instances when a behavior will be reinforced, whether with each time, or none at all.
Reinforcements (positive or negative) aim to strengthen a behavior. Variable-ration schedule is a part of partial reinforcement which leads response to be reinforced only at part of the time.
Variable-ratio schedule occurs when a reinforcement results in a steady response rate with reinforcements after an unpredictable number of responses, like after 2, 4, 5, 9 and so on.
When a gambler gambles the first time, he/she may not win; the second time also none; so decides to quit and leave but finally decides to play one last time and wins at that time. This win reinforces him/her to gamble again. The same thing happens with fishermen also when they cannot fish for the first few attempts but finally succeeds which will make them to do fishing again.
Answer:
The days were cold and harsh, with little food and rain dampening the moods of everyone on the ship. Lots of people were passing on to the heavens because of diseases. I myself have so far been lucky enough to stay in good form, but others such as Little John, have not had the same luck as me. Little John had broken down in smallpox, and was still recovering in the infirmary down below. He also had scurvy from not getting enough Vitamin C. Captain says that we will reach the new world at least 10 days from now, but even 10 days are become unbearable. I have nothing else to do on this ship but record the passing days in my dearest diary. Father and mother would have gone on the ship with me, but they had to stay behind to maintain the family business. I can only hope that they are doing well, and I pray to god every night that they have good health and days. This is my first entry so far, and more are sure to come.
Explanation:
If heat is transferred from a system to its surroundings and the surroundings do work on the system, the sign of q will be <u>negative</u>, and the sign of w will be <u>positive</u>.
By convention, q is negative because energy is transmitted from the system (the gas) to the surroundings. In this instance, heat is transferred from the system to the environment, which decreases the gas' internal energy by 144 J, despite work being done on it to increase its internal energy.
Negative work, as a matter of convention, happens when a system makes changes to the environment. When a gas performs work, its volume grows and the work performed is negative ( V > 0 Delta text V>0 V>0delta, start text, V, end text, is larger than 0).
Learn more about heat here
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