Question

Consider the following four solutions: a. NaCl in water b. Acetic acid in water c. Acetic acid in benzene d. Naphthalene in benzene Which of these solutions has the strongest solute-solvent interactions and the interaction is of which type?1. Acetic acid in water; hydrogen bonding2. Acetic acid in benzene; dipole-induced dipole interaction3. NaCl in water; ion-dipole interaction4. Naphthalene in benzene; London Dispersion Forces5. NaCl in water; hydrogen bonding

Answer 1

Answer:

NaCl in water; ion-dipole interaction

Explanation:

Sodium chloride is an ionic solid. Ionic solids dissolve in water due to ion dipole interaction. Ionic solids are composed of an ion pair which are strongly bound by electrostatic interaction between the oppositely charged ions in the solid state.

When an ionic substance is dissolved in water, the positive ion interacts with the negative end of the dipole in water while the negative ion interacts with the positive end of the dipole in water. Hence the ions are pulled apart by this ion-dipole interaction and the crystal structure of the solid collapses as the ionic solid dissolves in water.

Sodium chloride is an ionic solid. Interaction between the sodium ion and the negative end of the dipole in water as well as chloride ion and the positive end of the dipole in water leads to the dissolution of sodium chloride solid in water. This is the strongest solute-solvent interaction in the list.