An adaptation is a feature that is common in a population because it provides some improved function. Adaptations are well fitted to their function and are produced by natural selection.
The answer is definitely "D"
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
Preload, afterload, and contractility
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- Cardiac output is the amount of blood the heart pumps in 1 minute, and it is dependent on the heart rate, contractility, preload, and afterload.
- Preload is the initial stretching of the cardiac myocytes or muscle cells prior to contraction. Afterload is the force or load against which the heart has to contract to eject the blood.
- Contractility is the intrinsic strength of the cardiac muscle independent of preload, but a change in preload will affect the force of contraction.
Some methods of determining the size of population are direct and indirect observations, sampling, and mark-and-recapture studies
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Sampling - Done by counting the animals in a small area and then estimating how many are in the larger area. You go out and take samples from different places so you can take the average. In most cases, it is not possible to count every member of a population so an estimate is made.
Mark and recapture - Another estimating method is a technique called "mark and recapture." This technique gets its name because some animals are first captured, marked, and released into the environment. Then another group of animals is captured. The number of marked animals in this second group indicates the population size.
Indirect observation - The members of a population may be small or hard to find. It may be easier to observe their tracks or other signs rather than the organisms themselves.
Direct observation - The most obvious way to determine the size of a population is to count, one by one.
Answer:
The answer is AAG. Hope this helps
Explanation: Mutations are silent. It is called a silent mutation