The right answer for the question that is being asked and shown above is that: "People can introduce their own biases into an experiment." the scientist trying to demonstrate by doing this experiment is that People can introduce their own biases into an experiment.<span>
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A) initial volume
We can calculate the initial volume of the gas by using the ideal gas law:
where
is the initial pressure of the gas
is the initial volume of the gas
is the number of moles
is the gas constant
is the initial temperature of the gas
By re-arranging this equation, we can find
:
2) Now the gas cools down to a temperature of
while the pressure is kept constant:
, so we can use again the ideal gas law to find the new volume of the gas
3) In a process at constant pressure, the work done by the gas is equal to the product between the pressure and the difference of volume:
by using the data we found at point 1) and 2), we find
where the negative sign means the work is done by the surrounding on the gas.
9= chemical 10= thermal/heat 11= mechanical 12= electrical 13= electrical 14= radiant/light
The distance r between the pions when the criteria are satisfied is 1.45 × 10⁻¹⁶ m
If we consider the potential energy (U) between the pions, then (U) can be expressed as:
Given that at some instance, the potential energy becomes negligible compared to the final K.E.
As such the conservation of the total energy in the system can be given as:
Again, if we consider the ratio of the potential energy to the kinetic energy to be about 0.01, then:
∴
Equating both equations (1) and (2) together, we have:
where:
- r = distance
- k = Columb's constant
- q = charge on a proton
- m_o = rest mass of each pion in the previous question
- c = velocity of light
- = calculated velocity of proton in the previous question
Replacing their values in the above equation, the distance (r) between the pions is calculated as:
distance (r) = 1.45 × 10⁻¹⁶ m
Therefore, we can conclude that the distance r between the pions when the criteria are satisfied is 1.45 × 10⁻¹⁶ m
Learn more about electric potential energy here:
brainly.com/question/21808222?referrer=searchResults
<span>B. Controls: The known powders attributes are already studied, so the are used as control measures to compare with the findings in the experiment with the unknown powders.</span>