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ki77a [65]
2 years ago
5

A rocket is launched from a tower. The height of the rocket, y in feet, is related to the time after launch, x in seconds, by th

e given equation. Using this equation, find the time that the rocket will hit the ground, to the nearest 100th of second.
y=-16x^2+165x+69
Mathematics
1 answer:
mash [69]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The rocket hits the gorund after approximately 10.71 seconds.

Step-by-step explanation:

The height of the rocket <em>y</em> in feet <em>x</em> seconds after launch is given by the equation:

y=-16x^2+165x+69

And we want to find the time in which the rocket will hit the ground.

When it hits the ground, its height above ground will be 0. Hence, we can let <em>y</em> = 0 and solve for <em>x: </em>

<em />0=-16x^2+165x+69<em />

We can use the quadratic formula:

\displaystyle x=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}

In this case, <em>a</em> = -16, <em>b</em> = 165, and <em>c </em>= 69.

Substitute:

\displaystyle x=\frac{-165\pm\sqrt{(165)^2-4(-16)(69)}}{2(-16)}

Evaluate:

\displaystyle x=\frac{-165\pm\sqrt{31641}}{-32}=\frac{165\pm\sqrt{31641}}{32}

Hence, our solutions are:

\displaystyle x_1=\frac{165+\sqrt{31641}}{32}\approx 10.71\text{ or } x_2=\frac{165-\sqrt{31641}}{32}\approx-0.40

Since time cannot be negative, we can ignore the first answer.

So, the rocket hits the gorund after approximately 10.71 seconds.

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Name/ Uid:1. In this problem, try to write the equations of the given surface in the specified coordinates.(a) Write an equation
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To find:

(a) Equation for the sphere of radius 5 centered at the origin in cylindrical coordinates

(b) Equation for a cylinder of radius 1 centered at the origin and running parallel to the z-axis in spherical coordinates

Solution:

(a) The equation of a sphere with center at (a, b, c) & having a radius 'p' is given in cartesian coordinates as:

(x-a)^{2}+(y-b)^{2}+(z-c)^{2}=p^{2}

Here, it is given that the center of the sphere is at origin, i.e., at (0,0,0) & radius of the sphere is 5. That is, here we have,

a=b=c=0,p=5

That is, the equation of the sphere in cartesian coordinates is,

(x-0)^{2}+(y-0)^{2}+(z-0)^{2}=5^{2}

\Rightarrow x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}=25

Now, the cylindrical coordinate system is represented by (r, \theta,z)

The relation between cartesian and cylindrical coordinates is given by,

x=rcos\theta,y=rsin\theta,z=z

r^{2}=x^{2}+y^{2},tan\theta=\frac{y}{x},z=z

Thus, the obtained equation of the sphere in cartesian coordinates can be rewritten in cylindrical coordinates as,

r^{2}+z^{2}=25

This is the required equation of the given sphere in cylindrical coordinates.

(b) A cylinder is defined by the circle that gives the top and bottom faces or alternatively, the cross section, & it's axis. A cylinder running parallel to the z-axis has an axis that is parallel to the z-axis. The equation of such a cylinder is given by the equation of the circle of cross-section with the assumption that a point in 3 dimension lying on the cylinder has 'x' & 'y' values satisfying the equation of the circle & that 'z' can be any value.

That is, in cartesian coordinates, the equation of a cylinder running parallel to the z-axis having radius 'p' with center at (a, b) is given by,

(x-a)^{2}+(y-b)^{2}=p^{2}

Here, it is given that the center is at origin & radius is 1. That is, here, we have, a=b=0,p=1. Then the equation of the cylinder in cartesian coordinates is,

x^{2}+y^{2}=1

Now, the spherical coordinate system is represented by (\rho,\theta,\phi)

The relation between cartesian and spherical coordinates is given by,

x=\rho sin\phi cos\theta,y=\rho sin\phi sin\theta, z= \rho cos\phi

Thus, the equation of the cylinder can be rewritten in spherical coordinates as,

(\rho sin\phi cos\theta)^{2}+(\rho sin\phi sin\theta)^{2}=1

\Rightarrow \rho^{2} sin^{2}\phi cos^{2}\theta+\rho^{2} sin^{2}\phi sin^{2}\theta=1

\Rightarrow \rho^{2} sin^{2}\phi (cos^{2}\theta+sin^{2}\theta)=1

\Rightarrow \rho^{2} sin^{2}\phi=1 (As sin^{2}\theta+cos^{2}\theta=1)

Note that \rho represents the distance of a point from the origin, which is always positive. \phi represents the angle made by the line segment joining the point with z-axis. The range of \phi is given as 0\leq \phi\leq \pi. We know that in this range the sine function is positive. Thus, we can say that sin\phi is always positive.

Thus, we can square root both sides and only consider the positive root as,

\Rightarrow \rho sin\phi=1

This is the required equation of the cylinder in spherical coordinates.

Final answer:

(a) The equation of the given sphere in cylindrical coordinates is r^{2}+z^{2}=25

(b) The equation of the given cylinder in spherical coordinates is \rho sin\phi=1

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Step-by-step explanation

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