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2 answers:
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Answer:
C₂Cl₄
Explanation:
To know if free rotation around a bond in a compound is possible, we need to see the structure of the compound (picture in attachment).
In single bonds, which are formed by σ bonds, the atoms are not fixed in a single position, and free rotation is permitted.
Double and triple bonds are formed by a σ bond and one or two π bonds, respectively. These bonds do not allow rotation, since it is not possible to twist the ends without breaking the π bond.
The chloroethylene (C₂Cl₄) has two carbons with an sp2-sp2 hybridization, they are bonded together by a double bond. <u>Free rotation on this bond is not possible, because six atoms, including the carbon atoms, doubly bonded and the four chlorine atoms bonded to them, must be on the same plane. </u>
Answer:
1. Diastereomers have different physical properties (unlike most aspects of enantiomers) and often different chemical reactivity. ... Many conformational isomers are diastereomers as well. Diastereoselectivity is the preference for the formation of one or more than one diastereomer over the other in an organic reaction.
2. The result is a trans dibromide, as shown in the equation below
Explanation:
Diastereomers (sometimes called diastereoisomers) are a type of a stereoisomer.[1] Diasteoreomers are defined as non-mirror image non-identical stereoisomers. Hence, they occur when two or more stereoisomers of a compound have different configurations at one or more (but not all) of the equivalent (related) stereocenters and are not mirror images of each other.[2] When two diastereoisomers differ from each other at only one stereocenter they are epimers. Each stereocenter gives rise to two different configurations and thus typically increases the number of stereoisomers by a factor of two.
2. the addition of bromine to the trans and
cis isomers of 1,2-diphenylethene, more commonly known as trans- and cis-stilbene.
H
H
H H
trans-stilbene cis-stilbene
m.p. 122-124°C b.p. 82-84°C
density 0.970 g/mL density 1.011 g/mL
M.W. 180.25 g/mol M.W. 180.25 g/mol
In both cases, the nucleophilic double bond undergoes an electrophilic addition reaction
by the bromine reagent which proceeds via a cyclic bromonium ion. The addition of
bromine begins at one side of the double bond (either side is equally likely, but only one
option is drawn) and is followed by attack of bromide ion on the bromonium ion (again,
attack could occur at either carbon since the ion is symmetric, but only one option is
drawn). The result is a trans dibromide, as shown in the equation below:
Since the cis and trans isomers of stilbene have different geometries, it follows
that upon reaction with bromine they give rise to stereoisomeric bromonium ions and,
eventually, products that differ only by their stereochemistry.
