Fine grained of alkali igneous rocks cannot be used in cement because of the volume expansion caused by the Alkali-silica reaction, fine-grained igneous rocks cannot be used as aggregates in cement.
<h3>What does fine grained mean in an igneous rock?</h3>
Extrusive igneous rocks have a fine-grained or aphanitic texture, with grains that are too small to see without a magnifying glass. The fine-grained texture suggests that the rapidly cooling lava did not have enough time to form large crystals. A petrographic microscope can be used to examine these tiny crystals.
The texture of an igneous rock (fine-grained vs coarse-grained) is determined by the rate at which the melt cools: slow cooling produces large crystals, while fast cooling produces small crystals.
The chemical reaction that occurs in both alkali cations and hydroxyl ions in the pore solution of hydrated cement paste and certain reactive silica phases present in concrete aggregates is known as the alkali-silica reaction (ASR).
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Answer
The answer and procedures of the exercise are attached in the following archives.
Step-by-step explanation:
You will find the procedures, formulas or necessary explanations in the archive attached below. If you have any question ask and I will aclare your doubts kindly.
Answer:
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Explanation:
Answer:

Explanation:
given data
Load P = 35 kN
Width of bar W = 50.8 mm
Breadth of bar B = 25 mm
Ratio of crack length to width α = a/W = 0.2
solution
we get here KI for a rectangular bar that is express as
................................1
here Y is the geometrical function
so
Y =
Y =
Y =
Y = 0.9878
so put here value in equation 1

= 5210.45 × 10³
= 5.21 MPa 
Answer:

Explanation:
Hello,
In this case by combining the first and second law of thermodynamics for this ideal gas, we can obtain the following expression for the differential of the specific entropy <em>at constant pressure</em>:

Whereas Rg is the specific ideal gas constant for the studied gas; thus, integrating:

We obtain the expression to compute the specific entropy change:

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