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Balanced equation: Mg+2HCl=MgCl2 + H2
Showing that if Mg is not a limiting factor then 2 moles of HCl on complete reaction liberate 1 mole of Hydrogen
therefore:
1 mole of HCl=35.5g, 40g=x
X= 40/35.5= 1.127mole
2 moles of HCl = 1 moles of Hydrogen
1.127=X
X=1.127/2 = 0.56
the theoretical yield of hydrogen
Since there is so little information given, I will assume that we are at STP and i can use the conversion factor at STP--->> 22.4 Liters= 1 mol of gas
before we use this conversion, we need to convert the grams to moles using the molar mass of the molecule.
molar mass of Cl₂= 35.5 x 2= 71.0 g/ mol
177.3 g (1 mol/ 71.0 g)= 2.50 mol Cl₂
then we use the conversion to get the volume
2.50 mol Cl₂ (22.4 Liters/ 1 mol)= 55.9 Liters
The balanced equation for the above reaction is
2Al + 3CuCl₂ --> 2AlCl₃ + 3Cu
stoichiometry of Al to CuCl₂ is 2:3
limiting reactant is when the reactant is fully consumed in the reaction therefore amount of product formed depends on amount of limiting reactant present.
number of Al moles - 0.5 g / 27 g/mol = 0.019 mol
number of CuCl₂ moles - 3.5 g / 134.5 g/mol = 0.026 mol
if Al is the limiting reactant
if 2 mol of Al reacts with 3 mol of CuCl₂
then 0.019 mol of Al reacts with - 3/2 x 0.019 = 0.029 mol of CuCl₂
but only 0.026 mol of CuCl₂ is present
therefore CuCl₂ is the limiting reactant
and 0.026 mol of CuCl₂ reacts with - 0.026/3 x 2 = 0.017 mol of Al is required
but 0.019 mol of Al is present
therefore CuCl₂ is the limiting reactant and Al is in excess
An ionic bond is composed of a cation and anion, which are charged ions. You cannot have atoms with ionic bonds, because there is no opposite attraction between charges due to atoms having a net nuclear charge of zero. Therefore, a cation and anion would most likely be joined by an ionic bond.
