Pioneer species are the first organisms to live in an uninhabited area.
Answer:
plant cell
Explanation:
1.cell well-protected and provides structural support of cell
2.cell membrane regulates entries and entries of substances within the cell.
3.nucleus stores DNA
4.plastids they store starch help in photosynthesis
5.chloroplast pigment which protect cell
6.vacuole sustain turgid pressure against cell wall
7.mitochrondria provide energy to help break carbs
8.lysosome help with cellular waste disposal
Top-down effects imply control through predation, including fishery, while
bottom-up effects imply control through food abundance, often thought to be driven by climate or nutrient load.
<h3>What is Top down regulation ?</h3>
The top-down effect refers to a higher trophic level influences the community structure of a lower trophic level through predation.
<h3>What is Bottom up regulation ?</h3>
The bottom-up effect means that a lower trophic level in the biological network affects the community structure of higher trophic levels by means of resource restriction
Learn more about Top down and bottom up regulation here:
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Explanation: Thats all i got i hope it helps if not im sorry im having a bad morning
