Answer:
Explanation:
Cellular respiration generally involves breaking down of large organic molecules to release ATP (energy). Citric Acid cycle, also known as Kreb's cycle or Tricarboxylic acid cycle is the second stage of the cellular respiration (unique to aerobic organisms). Citric acid cycle occurs in the intracellular space or matrix of the mitochondria of eukaryotes.
Glycolysis, which is the first step of cellular respiration, produces pyruvate which is then converted to Acetyl CoA in order to enter the Kreb's cycle by first combining with oxaloacetate. Generally, citric acid cycle involves an eight-steps reaction consisting of series of reduction-oxidation, hydration, dehydration, decarboxylation reactions, with each step catalyzed by different enzymes.
In a nutshell, oxaloacetate is generated back at the completion of the cycle alongside 2 molecules of CO2, one GTP/ATP molecule and electron donors; NADH2 and FADH2. These reduced electron donors enter the third step of aerobic cellular respiration and act as the first electron donor in the Electron transport chain.
Most autotrophs<span> make their "food" through photosynthesis using the energy of the sun.</span>Heterotrophs<span> cannot make their own food, so they must eat or absorb it.</span>
7 is neutral but the ones that would be considered acidic is B
Answer;
-Inactivation; limited
Differentiation requires inactivation of particular genes to produce populations with limited capabilities that form tissues.
Explanation;
-Cell differentiation is how generic embryonic cells become specialized cells. This occurs through a process called gene expression.
-Gene expression is the specific combination of genes that are turned on or off (expressed or repressed), and this is what dictates how a cell functions.
-Gene expression plays a critical role in the morphological changes that take place in a developing embryo and fetus and in the differentiation of stem cells to form specialized cells.
Answer:
Gram positive bacteria are more resistant than gram negative bacteria to antimicrobials that disrupt plasma membranes because they have cell wall that is made up of a thick layer of peptidologlycan that contain teichoic and lipoteichoic acid to peptidoglycan.
Explanation:
Gram positive bacteria are bacteria that have thick wall made up of peptidoglycan and have no lipid membrane while gram negative bacteria are bacteria that have thin cell wall composed of peptidoglycan with lipid membrane.
Gram positive bacteria is resistant to antibiotics because of their thick cell wall composed of peptidoglylcan which contain teichoic and lipoteichoic acid , this help strengthen the plasma membranes and make them not to be attached by antimicrobial compared to gram negative that lack this.
