Answer is: The atomic size of the chlorine ion is larger than the size of the chlorine atom.
Covalent radii of chlorine atom (Cl) is 0.099 nm and ionic radii of chlorine anion (Cl⁻) is 0.181 nm.
Difference between an chlorine atom and chlorine anion is the number of electrons that surround the nucleus.
Chlorine atom has 17 electrons and chlorine anion has 18 electrons.
Answer:
97 J
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
- Mass of the sample (m): 12 kg
- Specific heat capacity (c): 0.231 J/kg.°C (this can also be expressed as 0.231 J/kg.K)
- Initial temperature: 45 K
Step 2: Calculate the temperature change
ΔT = 80 K - 45 K = 35 K
Step 3: Calculate the heat required (Q)
We will use the following expression.
Q = c × m × ΔT
Q = 0.231 J/kg.K × 12 kg × 35 K = 97 J
Answer:
- metal sulfate
- metal sulfate
- copper sulfate
- copper nitrate
- copper chloride
- copper phosphate
- hydrochloric acid, water
- Potassium, sulfuric acid, water
(Correct me if I am wrong)
The valence electrons are the parts of an atom that make interactions and make chemical bonds.
Every atom is made of three different components, a positively charged proton, neutrally charged neutron and negatively charged electron. The protons and the neutrons make up the atom's core and the electrons orbit around that core.
The electrons that orbit around the atom's core in its outer-most orbit (the one that is the furthest from the atom's core) can interact with electrons of other atoms, forming different kinds of chemical bonds.
If there is an exchange of the electrons (one atom donates its electrons to another atom), that results in forming of ions, then those two atoms can be linked in an ionic bond.
If an electron is shared between two atoms, then that bond is called a covalent bond.
