So if we take 1/4 to be the 100%, what is 2/3 in percentage off of it then?

yes, is a large value, because 2/3 is indeed larger than 1/4, more than twice as large.
$616 because 550 times .12(12% as decminal) is 66. $66 plus $550 is $616
She would have done 512 jumping jacks on the 10th day.
I believe it's C) 60 because ideally it would be 3 for every 25, 20 x 25 = 200, so then you would do 3 x 20 = 60