The second law of thermodynamics states that a spontaneous process increases the entropy of the universe, S(univ) > 0. If ΔS(univ) < 0, the process is nonspontaneous, and if ΔS(univ) = 0, the system is at equilibrium
<h3>What is thermodynamics ?</h3>
The science of thermodynamics examines the connections between heat, work, temperature, and energy. The rules of thermodynamics explain how energy moves inside a system and whether or not the system is capable of performing beneficial work on its surroundings.
- Energy cannot be generated or destroyed, according to Thermodynamics' First Law. The entropy of the cosmos increases for spontaneous processes, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Third Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy is zero in a flawless crystal at absolute zero Kelvin.
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PH meter, which is a device used to measure hydrogen-ion activity in the solution. A PH meter is a voltmeter stuck to a pH electrode and a reference electrode. -maclittleseed
Carbon atoms are converted into metabolites like acetic acid, lactic acid, aldehydes, etc via the action of different bacteria. In the process of fermentation or cellular respiration, carbon atoms are cleaved into three carbon molecule called pyruvate then eventually forming into metabolites.
