If the first thing that the goslings saw was a dog, they would have followed the dog as a mother.
Imprinting refers to the process of training an animal to bond with anything it sees after birth even if it is not its real mother. Lorenz first achieved imprinting in 1935 using geese which followed him as their mother shortly after they were born.
If the geese were exposed to a dog, they could also have seen the dog as their mother and followed it accordingly shortly after birth.
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- Static friction: when an object is not moving
- Kinetic friction: if an object is moving
- Rolling friction: when there is rolling (wheel,..)
Answer:
- Distance is a scalar quantity, defined as the total amount of space covered by an object while moving between the final position and the initial position. Therefore, it depends on the path the object has taken: the distance will be minimum if the object has travelled in a straight line, while it will be larger if the object has taken a non-straight path.
- Displacement is a vector quantity, whose magnitude is equal to the distance (measured in a straight line) between the final position and the initial position of the object. Therefore, the displacement does NOT depend on the path taken, but only on the initial and final point of the motion.
If the object has travelled in a straight path, then the displacement is equal to the distance. In all other cases, the distance is always larger than the displacement.
A particular case is when an object travel in a circular motion. Assuming the object completes one full circle, we have:
- The distance is the circumference of the circle
- The displacement is zero, because the final point corresponds to the initial point
Elements with 7 valence electrons are extremely reactive, while elements with 8 valence electrons practically don't react at all.
This is caused by the fact that all molecules want to have 8 valence electrons; that's just the scientific fact. So, if an element already has 8 valence electrons, it doesn't need to react with anything. If the element only has 7 valence electrons, however, it really wants to react with something with 1 valence electron to get to that special number 8.