Define the term excretion.

1 answer:

4 0

The liver breaks down many substances in the blood, including toxins. The liver also excretes bilirubin — a waste product of hemoglobin catabolism — in bile. ... The lungs are responsible for the excretion of gaseous wastes, primarily carbon dioxide from cellular respiration in cells throughout the body.

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1. Please describe what sickle-cell disease is and why areas where malaria is common have high frequencies of the sickle-cell al

satela [25.4K]

Explanation:

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3 years ago

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We would expect that a 15-nucleotide sequence that includes a stop codon at the end (as part of the 15-nucleotide sequence) will

slega [8]

Answer: Four amino acids.

Explanation:

RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) are polymers made up of long chains of nucleotides. Thus, a nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids and consists of a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) linked to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous bases can be Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) or Uracil (U) replacing T in RNA. DNA is the molecule that stores the genetic information to synthesize polypeptides or proteins (set of amino acids). When proteins need to be created, DNA is transcribed into RNA and this RNA is translated in ribosomes to create polypeptides.

Complementarity is the ability to combine with their complement. A and T (or U) are complementary, while C and G are complementary to each other. Complementarity is the principle of replication and transcription, because it is a propery of both DNA and RNA sequences. Their the nucleotide bases at each position of the sequences are complementary, allowing cells to copy information.

Nucleotides in RNA are grouped into codons, which consist of groups of 3 nucleotides where each codon codes for an amino acid. Therefore, the sequence of bases in nucleic acids determines which protein will be synthesized. Protein synthesis begins with a start codon (AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine) and ends with a stop codon (UGA, UAG and UAA). So, if there are 15 nucleotides, there are 15 bases. Since they are grouped in groups of 3, we will have a polypeptide of 4 amino acids.

3 nucleotides form a codon, so 12 nucleotides form 4 codons giving 4 amino acids. The last codon, is formed by the last 3 nucleotides and form the stop codon that stop protein synthesis.

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2 years ago

Models need to be changed when _______. a. they are based on experimental data b. scientific understanding changes c. they repre

Andre45 [30]

the answer is a because if the model is based on experimental data it wont be good unless it has been tested.

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3 years ago

Which of the following statements best describes the role of hormones in the body? Hormones send chemical signals throughout the

il63 [147K]

Answer:

Hormone production and release are primarily controlled by negative feedback. In negative feedback systems, a stimulus elicits the release of a substance; once the substance reaches a certain level, it sends a signal that stops further release of the substance. In this way, the concentration of hormones in blood is maintained within a narrow range. For example, the anterior pituitary signals the thyroid to release thyroid hormones. Increasing levels of these hormones in the blood then give feedback to the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary to inhibit further signaling to the thyroid gland, as illustrated in Figure 18.14. There are three mechanisms by which endocrine glands are stimulated to synthesize and release hormones: humoral stimuli, hormonal stimuli, and neural stimuli.

Explanation:

Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is underactive. Which of the conditions are the following two patients most likely to have?

Patient A has symptoms including weight gain, cold sensitivity, low heart rate and fatigue.

Patient B has symptoms including weight loss, profuse sweating, increased heart rate and difficulty sleeping.Humoral Stimuli

The term “humoral” is derived from the term “humor,” which refers to bodily fluids such as blood. A humoral stimulus refers to the control of hormone release in response to changes in extracellular fluids such as blood or the ion concentration in the blood. For example, a rise in blood glucose levels triggers the pancreatic release of insulin. Insulin causes blood glucose levels to drop, which signals the pancreas to stop producing insulin in a negative feedback loop.

Hormonal stimuli refers to the release of a hormone in response to another hormone. A number of endocrine glands release hormones when stimulated by hormones released by other endocrine glands. For example, the hypothalamus produces hormones that stimulate the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary in turn releases hormones that regulate hormone production by other endocrine glands. The anterior pituitary releases the thyroid-stimulating hormone, which then stimulates the thyroid gland to produce the hormones T3 and T4. As blood concentrations of T3 and T4 rise, they inhibit both the pituitary and the hypothalamus in a negative feedback loop.

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3 years ago

Which body system is responsible for the movement of the body, as well as the movement of internal organs?

zzz [600]

Most likely the Muscular System.
Muscles, ligament, tendons and bone all function to move the body. And organs inside the body depend on muscles as well; such as the heart, diaphragm, etc..

:) I hope this was one of your answers :) good luck!

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2 years ago