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There are four different representations of the orientation of water molecules around chloride anion. Let's first analyze the water molecule.
We have H-O-H as the structure of water. The oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, which results in a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom.
The chloride anion is a negative charge. Therefore, the water molecules should orient themselves with the hydrogen atoms facing the chlorine atom as the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms will be attracted to the negative charge of the chlorine atom.
The correct representation is shown in graph 3 which shows all hydrogen atoms facing the chlorine anion.
Answer:
Covalent
Explanation:
A molecule of C₂H₅OH has C-C, C-H, C-O, and O-H bonds.
A bond between A and B will be ionic if the difference between their electronegativities (ΔEN) is greater than 1.6.

No bond has a large enough ΔEN to be ionic.
C₂H₅OH is a covalent molecule.
Answer:
Protons and neutrons are made up of smaller subatomic particles. When protons or neutrons get close enough to each other, they exchange particles (mesons), binding them together. Once they are bound, it takes considerable energy to break them apart.
Answer:
mass 1.25 Liters NH₃(gas) = 0.949 grams (3 sig-figs)
Explanation:
At STP (Standard Temperature-Pressure conditions => 0°C(=273K) and 1atm pressure, 1 mole <u>any</u> gas will occupy 22.4 Liters.
So, given 1.25 Liters ammonia gas at STP, convert to moles then multiply by formula wt. (17g/mole gives mass of NH₃.
moles NH₃(gas) = 1.25L NH₃(gas)/22.4L NH₄(gas)· NH₃(gas)mole⁻¹ = 0.0558 mole NH₃(gas).
Converting to grams NH₃(gas) = 0.0558 mole NH₃(gas) x 17 g·mol⁻¹ = 0.949 grams NH₃(gas).
-III I
NH₄⁺
V -II
N₂O₅
I V -II
NaNO₃
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-3 +5 +5