Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
In solids, atoms are held together because of strong intermolecular forces of attraction between them.
As a result, solids have a definite shape and volume. Hence, its molecules are not able to slide past each other.
Whereas in liquids, molecules are together by less strong forces as compared to solids. Therefore, liquids do not have fixed shape and volume. They occupy the shape of a container in which they are kept together.
Therefore, molecules of a liquid are able to slide past each other.
In gases, molecules are held by weak Vander waal forces. So, they collide rapidly and occupy the volume of container and not the shape. Similarly, plasma is a hot ionized gas which consists of positive ions and negative electrons. Like gases, plasma also occupies the volume of a container.
Thus, we can conclude that liquid is the matter which can fill a container from top to bottom.
Red is the answer in the blank
The answer is number 4 or the exchange of energy with the surroundings. Calorimetry is a measurement of energy that is formed or absorbed in a certain process. The calorimeter is the instrument used in order to measure the energy. It is recommended that a calorimeter should be a closed system so as to measure precisely the energy and avoid or lessen the exchange of energy with the surroundings. Thus, comparing an open ceramic mug and an insulated mug with a lid, the greatest difference is the energy lost to the surroundings.
