Answer:
The correct answer is D. will result in a multiple times higher decrease in equilibrium real GDP in the short run; however, a tax-rate reduction will increase the automatic-stabilizer properties of the tax system, so equilibrium real GDP would be less stable.
Explanation:
Ricardian Equivalence is an economic theory that suggests that when a government increases expenses financed with debt to try to stimulate demand, demand does not really undergo any change.
This is because increases in the public deficit will lead to higher taxes in the future. To keep their consumption pattern stable, taxpayers will reduce consumption and increase their savings in order to offset the cost of this future tax increase.
If taxpayers reduce their consumption and increase their savings by the same amount as the debt to be returned by the government, there is no effect on aggregate demand.
The fundamental concept of Ricardian equivalence is that it does not matter which method the government chooses to increase spending, whether by issuing public debt or through taxes (applying an expansive fiscal policy), the result will be the same and demand will remain unchanged.
Answer:
The price level and GDP will fall.
Explanation:
A decline in money supply will increase the interest rate, as a result the investment will decline. This will cause production to decrease. An increase in tax will cause the cost of production to increase, reducing the supply. The taxes will decrease the disposable income, further reduing demand and cnsumption. A pessimistic expectation of business will also cause production to decline.
A rise in the value of dollars will make exports expensive, reducing exports. All of this will cause the GDP and price level to decline.
Answer:
substitution effect The supply curve slopes upward because at a higher price, producers have an incentive to produce more.
Explanation: Google
Answer:
Most auctions are without reserve and therefore the auctioneer cannot withdraw the lamp.
Explanation:
Every auction seems to be either "of-reserve" versus "without-reserve." So the reaction to whether an auction house manages higher bids depends on that form of bidding being carried out. In an offering with reserves, the auction house may reject a higher offer (retain the privilege to reject ...) in which any better bid should be approved in an offering without deposit.
Put differently, the auction house is not obliged to deliver to the top purchaser in a with reserved sale. Essentially, the next bigger raise reflects the minimum price.
Answer:
Global product division structure.
Explanation:
A Global product division structure is a business structure where the central headquarters controls the activities of it's branches which are located in different countries, especially when it involves key decision making process in the business.
The various member branches of the global product division structure has a manager who supervises the daily runnings of the business and gives a report back to it's central headquarters.
