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3 years ago

According to the momentum principle, the change in momentum of an object equals the impulse, which depends on______

Physics

1 answer:

3241004551 [841]3 years ago

3 0

Answer: The momentum principle depends on MASS and VELOCITY.

Explanation:

The momentum principle states that net force changes the the momentum of an object where momentum is the product of the MASS of the body and it's VELOCITY.

Thus, momentum = mass(kg) ×velocity( m/s)= kgm/s ( derived unit)

Also to determine the rate of change of momentum;

Mass=m, initial velocity =u, final velocity = V and time =t

Initial momentum = mu

Final momentum = mv

Change in momentum = mv - mu

= m( v- u)

Rate of change of momentum=

m( v -u)/t --> equation 1

But V = u + at

Hence, a = v -u/t

Substitute for v -u/ t in equation 1

F = Kma, where k is constant and has the value of 1.

Therefore F = ma

Newton is the SI unit if force. It is defined as the force which gives a mass of 1kg an acceleration of 1 m/s².

IMPULSE is defined as the change of momentum of a body (mv-mu) or the product of force and time.

Thus impulse = force × time = m (v-u)

The unit is Ns ( Newton seconds) which is the same as change in momentum.

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3 years ago

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A 215-kg merry-go-round in the shape of a uniform, solid, horizontal disk of radius 1.50 m is set in motion by wrapping a rope a

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Answer:

303.9481875 N

Explanation:

t = Time taken = 2 seconds

F = Force

r = Radius = 1.5 m

I = Moment of Inertia

$\alpha$ = Angular Acceleration

Torque

$\tau=F\times r$

$\tau=I\times \alpha$

$\\\Rightarrow F\times r=I\times \alpha\\\Rightarrow F=\frac{I\times \alpha}{r}$

Angular velocity

$\omega=rev/s\times 2\pi\\\Rightarrow \omega=0.6\times 2\pi\\\Rightarrow \omega=3.76991\ rad/s$

Angular acceleration

$\alpha=\frac{\omega}{t}\\\Rightarrow \alpha=\frac{3.76991}{2}\\\Rightarrow \alpha=1.88495\ rad/s^2$

$I=\frac{1}{2}mr^2\\\Rightarrow I=\frac{1}{2}215\times 1.5^2\\\Rightarrow I=241.875\ kgm^2$

$F=\frac{I\times \alpha}{r}\\\Rightarrow F=\frac{241.875\times 1.88495}{1.5}\\\Rightarrow F=303.9481875\ N$

The magnitude of the force to stop the merry-go-round is 303.9481875 N

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3 years ago

The electric motor of a model train accelerates the train from rest to 0.685 m/s in 21.5 ms. The total mass of the train is 875

Natali [406]

Answer:

P=9.58 W

Explanation:

According to Newton's second law, and assuming friction force as zero:

$F_m=m.a\\F_m=0.875kg*a$

The acceleration is given by:

$a=\frac{\Delta v}{t}\\a=\frac{0.685m/s}{21.5*10^{-3}s}\\\\a=31.9m/s^2$

So the force exerted by the motor is:

$F_m=0.875kg*31.9m/s^2\\F_m=27.9N$

The work done by the motor is given by:

$W_m=F_m*d\\\\d=\frac{1}{2}*a*t^2\\d=\frac{1}{2}*31.9m/s^2*(21.5*10^{-3}s)^2\\\\d=7.37*10^{-3}m$

$W_m=27.9N*7.37*10^{-3}m\\W_m=0.206J$

And finally, the power is given by:

$P=\frac{W_m}{t}\\P=\frac{0.206J}{21.5*10^{-3}s}\\\\P=9.58W$

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