8. Write the formulas for and give the names of
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Answer: The pressure required is 0.474 atm
Explanation:
Boyle's Law: This law states that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature and number of moles.
(At constant temperature and number of moles)
The equation is,
where,
= initial pressure of gas = 1.0 atm
= final pressure of gas = ?
= initial volume of gas =
= final volume of gas =
(
Now put all the given values in the above equation, we get:
The pressure required is 0.474 atm
This is a straightforward dilution calculation that can be done using the equation
where <em>M</em>₁ and <em>M</em>₂ are the initial and final (or undiluted and diluted) molar concentrations of the solution, respectively, and <em>V</em>₁ and <em>V</em>₂ are the initial and final (or undiluted and diluted) volumes of the solution, respectively.
Here, we have the initial concentration (<em>M</em>₁) and the initial (<em>V</em>₁) and final (<em>V</em>₂) volumes, and we want to find the final concentration (<em>M</em>₂), or the concentration of the solution after dilution. So, we can rearrange our equation to solve for <em>M</em>₂:
Substituting in our values, we get
So the concentration of the diluted solution is 0.05875 M. You can round that value if necessary according to the appropriate number of sig figs. Note that we don't have to convert our volumes from mL to L since their conversion factors would cancel out anyway; what's important is the ratio of the volumes, which would be the same whether they're presented in milliliters or liters.