At the present time, the only way we know of that light can get shifted
toward the blue end of the spectrum is the Doppler effect ... wavelengths
appear shorter than they should be when the source is moving toward us.
IF that's true in the case of the Andromeda galaxy, it means the galaxy is
moving toward us.
We use the same reasoning to conclude that all the galaxies whose light is red-shifted are moving away from us. That includes the vast majority of all galaxies that we can see, and it strongly supports the theory of the big bang
and the expanding universe.
If somebody ever comes along and discovers a DIFFERENT way that light
can get shifted to new, longer or shorter wavelengths, then pretty much all
of modern Cosmology will be out the window. There's a lot riding on the
Doppler effect !
Answer:
3.0 x10^-3 J
Explanation:
The potential energy of a spring is given by PE = (0.5)k*x^2
Where
K: Spring Constant = 60 N/m
x: displacement of the spring from its equilibrium position = 1cm = 0.01m
Then PE = 0.5(60)(.01)^2 = 0.003J = 3.0 x10^-3 J
The object's speed will not change.
In fact, after the astronaut throws the object, no additional forces will act on it (since the object is in free space). According to Newton's second law:

where the first term is the resultant of the forces acting on the body, m is the mass of the object and a its acceleration, we see that if no forces act on the object, then the acceleration is zero. Therefore, the acceleration of the object is zero, and its velocity remains constant.
Answer:
Ro = 133 [kg/m³]
Explanation:
In order to solve this problem, we must apply the definition of density, which is defined as the relationship between mass and volume.

where:
m = mass [kg]
V = volume [m³]
We will convert the units of length to meters and the mass to kilograms.
L = 15 [cm] = 0.15 [m]
t = 2 [mm] = 0.002 [m]
w = 10 [cm] = 0.1 [m]
Now we can find the volume.
![V = 0.15*0.002*0.1\\V = 0.00003 [m^{3} ]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=V%20%3D%200.15%2A0.002%2A0.1%5C%5CV%20%3D%200.00003%20%5Bm%5E%7B3%7D%20%5D)
And the mass m = 4 [gramm] = 0.004 [kg]
![Ro = 0.004/0.00003\\Ro = 133 [kg/m^{3}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Ro%20%3D%200.004%2F0.00003%5C%5CRo%20%3D%20133%20%5Bkg%2Fm%5E%7B3%7D%5D)