The other aldol or mixed aldol side products might be expected to form the products attached in picture below:
The given atom with 7 valence electrons is most likely to gain one more electron to achieve a full octet.
Given:
An atom with 7 valence electrons
To find:
Number electrons to achieve full octet by a given atom
Solution:
- The number of valence electrons in a given atom is 7.
- The number of valence electrons is 7 which means that the given atom will be a member of the halogen family.
- And as we know that halogen possesses one less electron to complete their octets. They by gaining one electron they achieve full octet and stability.
Similarly, the given atom with 7 valence electrons is most likely to gain one more electron to achieve a full octet.
Learn more about octet and valence electrons here:
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Answer:
B. How much energy it takes to heat a substance
Explanation:
Specific heat capacity:
It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree.
Formula:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = amount of heat absorbed or released
m = mass of given substance
c = specific heat capacity of substance
ΔT = change in temperature
The substances with higher value of specific heat capacity require more heat to raise the temperature by one degree as compared the substances having low value of specific heat capacity. For example,
The specific heat capacity of oil is 1.57 j/g. K and for water is 4.18 j/g.K. So, water take a time to increase its temperature by one degree by absorbing more heat while oil will heat up faster by absorbing less amount of heat.
Consider that both oil and water have same mass of 5g and change in temperature is 15 K. Thus amount of heat thy absorbed to raise the temperature is,
For oil:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = 5 g× 1.67 j/g K × 15 K
Q = 125.25 j
For water:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = 5 g× 4.18 j/g K × 15 K
Q = 313.5 j
we can observe that water require more heat which is 313.5 j to increase its temperature.
They are evnly mixed on the atmotic level but not bonded together.Another nae for a mixture is solution.
Answer:
- <em><u>A physical change has occurred, with no energy change.</u></em>
Explanation:
When a pencil lead is broken there is not change of any chemical properties, therefore it is not a chemical change, but just a physical change. In this case the change is just the number of pieces and dimensions.
Chemical changes always involve the formation of new different substances; the bonds between the atoms of the starting substances (reactants) breake and new bonds are formed leading to new substances (products) with different chemical composition (arrange of atoms). Chemical changes occur through chemical reactions.
Hence, if there is not change on the chemical composition, you think on physical changes. Physical changes include change in shape, size, state of matter (e.g. solid, liquid, gas). In the case of a pencil lead breaking, it is a change in shape and size.
Also, since energy has not been absorbed or released during the change, the energy of the pencil lead before having been broken is equal to the sum of the energies of the pieces of pencil lead obtained. So, this is a physical change with no energy changes.
Some examples of physical changes that include change in energy are the change of state (e.g. solid to liquid or liquid to gas) and the dissolution of a compound.