Answer:
1. Heat capacity is the ratio of the amount of heat energy transferred to an object to the resulting increase in its temperature.
2. Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance per unit of mass.
3. The gold will warm by ten degrees first because it needs a low amount of heat (12.9 J) while Aluminium needs (90.3 J).
4. The 20 gram piece of aluminum will warm first.
Explanation:
<em>1. What is heat capacity?
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Heat capacity is the ratio of the amount of heat energy transferred to an object to the resulting increase in its temperature.
<em>2. What is specific heat?
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Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance per unit of mass.
<em>3. You have a 10 gram piece of aluminum and a 10 gram piece of gold sitting in the sun. Which metal will warm by ten degrees first?
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- The amount of heat absorbed by Al or Au (Q) can be calculated from the relation:
<em>Q = m.c.ΔT.</em>
where, Q is the amount of heat absorbed by Aluminium or gold (Q = ??? J),
m is the mass of Aluminium or gold (m = 10.0 g),
c is the specific heat capacity of Aluminium or gold (c of Al = 0.902 J/g °C, c of Au = 0.129 J/g °C),
ΔT is the temperature difference (final T - initial T) (ΔT = 10.0°C).
- Q is the amount of heat absorbed by Aluminium = m.c.ΔT = (10.0 g)(0.902 J/g °C)(10.0°C) = 90.2 J.
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- Q is the amount of heat absorbed by Gold = m.c.ΔT = (10.0 g)(0.129 J/g °C)(10.0°C) = 12.9 J.
<em>So, the gold will warm by ten degrees first because it needs a low amount of heat (12.9 J) while Aluminium needs (90.3 J).</em>
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<em>4. You have a 20 gram piece of aluminum and a 40 gram piece of aluminum sitting in the sun. Which piece will warm by ten degrees first?</em>
<em>∵ Q ∝ m.</em>
<em>∴ The piece of higher mass (40 g) will needs a heat larger twice than that needed to warm the (20 g) piece.</em>
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<em>So, the 20 gram piece of aluminum will warm first.</em>
