The answer is (3) 3. The outer shell of an atom is called valence shell. And the ground state is the lowest energy state of an atom. Aluminum has a electron distribution of 2, 8, 3. So the outer shell has 3 electrons.
Answer:
Kc = 0.075
Explanation:
The dissociation (α) is the initial quantity that ionized divided by the total dissolved. So, let's calling x the ionized quantity, and M the initial one:
α = x/M
x = M*α
x = 0.354M
For the stoichiometry of the reaction (2:1:1), the concentration of H₂ and I₂ must be half of the acid. So the equilibrium table must be:
2HI(g) ⇄ H₂(g) + I₂(g)
M 0 0 <em> Initial</em>
-0.354M +0.177M +0.177M <em>Reacts</em>
0.646M 0.177M 0.177M <em>Equilibrium</em>
The equilibrium constant Kc is the multiplication of the products' concentrations (elevated by their coefficients) divided by the multiplication of the reactants' concentrations (elevated by their coefficients):
![Kc = \frac{[H2]*[I2]}{[HI]^2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Kc%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5BH2%5D%2A%5BI2%5D%7D%7B%5BHI%5D%5E2%7D)


Kc = 0.075
A rapid release of stored up energy
The nuclear reaction occurring is known as alpha-decay, and during this process, an alpha particle is released from a heavy radioactive nucleus to form a lighter more stable nucleus. The alpha particle is equivalent to a helium nucleus, which means it contains 2 protons and two neutrons (net charge of +2)
The decay equation is:
Rn → Po + α
Answer:
Francium (Fr)
Explanation:
From the given choices, francium will have the lowest ionization energy.
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove the most loosely held electron within an atom.
The magnitude of the ionization energy depends on the characteristics of the atom in relation to its nuclear charge, atomic radius, stability etc.
- Generally on the periodic table, ionization energy increases from left to right on the table
- As you go from metals to non-metals and to gases, the value of the ionization energy increases steadily.
- Down the group, the value reduces.
- Since Francium is the most metallic of all the given choices, it has the highest ionization energy.