Volume of sphere: 
, put $r=5 in$
Volume of cylinder:$ \pi r^2 h$, put $r=8 in, \: h=11 in$
Ok so let's start with what we know- the shortest piece is 8 inches so there's one length... then the middle piece is 6 inches longer than the shortest (6+ 8) so the middle piece would be 14 inches long. To find the last piece we can add up the other two pieces we know (14+8) which would be 22 and subtract that from how long the whole sandwich is (59-22) which would be 37 inches long. So in the end he shortest piece would be 8 inches, the middle 14 inches and the longest 37 inches.
Answer:
you can always use sin or cos or tan in these situations
8 people prefer pepperoni because 50 people times .16 is 8
