There are 3 types of mutations, base substitutions - single base mutations are called point mutations. Point mutations are the most common type of mutation and there are two other types. point mutations occur in DNA sequence seconding proteins are either silent, missense or nonsense. Deletions is the second type of mutation, this results when one or more base pairs are lost from the DNA. If one or two based are deleted the translation frame is altered resulting in a garbled message and nonfunctional product. A deletion of three or more bases leave the reading frame intact. A deletion of one or more corona result in a protein missing or more amino acids. this may be deletions or not. And lastly insertions this is when you have additional base pairs which may lead to frameshifts depending on whether or not multiples or three base pairs are inserted. combinations of insertions and deletions leading to a variety of outcomes are also possible.
Un cambio en la secuencia de bases en el ADN o ARN se conoce como mutación . ¿La palabra mutación te hace pensar en ciencia ficción y monstruos con ojos de insecto? Piensa de nuevo. Todos tienen mutaciones. De hecho, la mayoría de las personas tienen decenas o hasta cientos de mutaciones en su ADN. Las mutaciones son esenciales para que ocurra la evolución. Son la fuente principal de todo el material genético nuevo -nuevos alelos - en una especie. Aunque la mayoría de las mutaciones no tienen efectos en los organismos en que ocurren, algunas mutaciones son beneficiosas. Incluso las mutaciones dañinas rara vez causan cambios drásticos en los organismos.
The substances that protect against oxidative stress and the resultant tissue damage at the cellular level is, option B. Antioxidants. Oxidation can cause imbalance in the body. Antioxidants are used to counteract the damage produced by free radicals. Good natural sources of antioxidants include fruits and vegetables.
