Answer:
= 913.84 mL
Explanation:
Using the combined gas laws
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
At standard temperature and pressure. the pressure is 10 kPa, while the temperature is 273 K.
V1 = 80.0 mL
P1 = 109 kPa
T1 = -12.5 + 273 = 260.5 K
P2 = 10 kPa
V2 = ?
T2 = 273 K
Therefore;
V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1
= (109 kPa × 80 mL × 273 K)/(10 kPa× 260.5 K)
<u>= 913.84 mL</u>
Answer:
CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH > CH₃CH₂COOH > ClCH₂CH₂COOH > ClCH₂COOH
Explanation:
Electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) increase acidity by inductive removal of electrons from the carboxyl group.
Electron-donating groups (EDGs) decrease acidity by inductive donation of electrons to the carboxyl group.
- The closer the substituent is to the carboxyl group, the greater is its effect.
- The more substituents, the greater the effect.
- The effect tails off rapidly and is almost zero after about three C-C bonds.
CH₃CH₂-CH₂COOH — EDG — weakest — pKₐ = 4.82
CH₃-CH₂COOH — reference — pKₐ = 4.75
ClCH₂-CH₂COOH — EWG on β-carbon— stronger — pKₐ = 4.00
ClCH₂COOH — EWG on α-carbon — strongest — pKₐ = 2.87
I believe visible light is made from photons
