Answer: a. He viewed them as being one step below him.
Explanation:
Pope Innocent III was one of the most powerful Popes to ever live. He believed that as the representative of God on Earth, kings and emperors were beneath him in the hierarchy of power and he did not hesitate to show them this by enforcing papal policy on several kings who tried to go against the Church.
An example was King Alfonso IX of Leon who had married a close relative. Pope Innocent excommunicated him until the marriage was cancelled. Pope Innocent III was also the first Pope to call for a Crusade to recapture Jerusalem and the Holy land from Muslim invaders.
Explanation:
1)was initially isolationist but opened trade with America. China, however, resisted Western influence, especially during the Boxer rebellion. Because of Japan's response, Japan increased in strength during its Meiji Period , even winning a war against Russia
2)These include economic, exploratory, ethnocentric, political, and religious motives.
Answer:
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella are guilty because they could have told Columbus no when he sent a letter requesting more support. Instead they continued to fund his expedition, encouraging his action, in the hope of getting more gold and slaves as Columbus promised. The King and Queen just wanted to be more rich and powerful, without their monetary support Columbus would not have been able to continue his expeditions. In addition, the King and Queen did not care about the Taínos’ lives because some of them refused to convert to Christianity. In Spain the King and Queen persecuted anyone who did not convert to Christianity and they encouraged this same method in the Caribbean toward the Taínos .
Explanation:
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