Answer:
An electromagnetic wave
Explanation:
An electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave that can travel across space as well as through matter. When it travels through space, it doesn't lose energy to a medium as a mechanical wave does.
The change in intractellular pH can potentially affect virtually all cellular processes. It includes metabolism, membrane potential, cell growth, movement of substance across of surface membrane, state of polymerization of the cytoskeleton and the ability to contract in muscle cell
This produces several negative effects on the biodiversity of the river ecosystem.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The Susquehanna river is polluted by the excess release of nutrients like phosphorous and nitrogen from agricultural land and sewage treatment plants. This can adversely affect the health of the river. The excess of nutrients will accelerate the growth of algae in the river.
The dead algae that settle at the bottom of the river decay by consuming the oxygen present in the river. This will reduce the amount of dissolved oxygen in the river and affect aquatic life.
Thick algal growth partially prevents the penetration of sunlight into the water and this affects the growth of submerged plants which are food to the fish.
Answer:
ligand; molecule; ligand; molecule; nervous system
Explanation:
Ligand-gated ion channels are membrane proteins that interact with ligands (molecules) and open in response to this binding. In the nervous system, these channels are activated by neurotransmitters (ligands) that regulate synaptic transmission between nerve cells (neurons). Neurotransmitters are signaling molecules clustered close to the cell membrane of axon terminals in presynaptic neurons. For example, glutamate is a ligand neurotransmitter that binds to ion channels and thus stimulates synaptic activity in the mammalian brain.
