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-Dominant- [34]
3 years ago
6

In your discussion consider a SN2 reaction mechanism concept. Propose a modification of experimental procedure that would improv

e reaction yield. Give an example of another method of ether synthesis. Illustrate it with drawn reaction scheme; describe it in few sentences.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Hitman42 [59]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Here's what I get  

Explanation:

You may have done a Williamson synthesis of guaifenesin by reacting guaiacol with 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol.

A. Mechanism

Step 1

NaOH converts guaiacol into a phenoxide ion.

Step 2

The phenoxide acts as the nucleophile in an SN2 reaction to displace the Cl from the alkyl halide.

B. Improve the yield

You probably carried out the reaction in ethanol solution — a polar protic solvent.

You might try doing the reaction in a polar aprotic solvent— perhaps DMSO.

A polar aprotic solvent does not hydrogen bond to nucleophiles, so they become stronger.

C. Another method of ether synthesis —dehydration of alcohols

Sulfuric acid catalyzes the conversion of primary alcohols to ethers.

This is also a nucleophilic displacement reaction.

Protonation of the OH converts it into a better leaving group.

Attack by a second molecule of alcohol forms the protonated ether.

A molecule of water then removes the proton.

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A sample of water contains 5.24x10^22 molecules. How many moles are in this sample?
Helga [31]

Answer:

0.087 moles of water

Explanation:

Given data:

Number of molecules of water = 5.24×10²² molecules

Number of moles of water = ?

Solution:

The given problem will solve by using Avogadro number.

1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ molecules of water

5.24×10²² molecules × 1 mol / 6.022 × 10²³ molecules

0.87×10⁻¹ mol

0.087 mol

Avogadro number:

It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.  The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.

8 0
3 years ago
Please help with 14-16 <br> Thank you!
Natalka [10]
I don't know about 14, but 15 is (4), because a liquid draws in heat to turn into a gas. 16 is (2), because to turn into a cold solid, something has to release heat.
4 0
3 years ago
A solution contains an unknown mass of dissolved barium ions. When sodium sulfate is added to the solution, a white precipitate
AlladinOne [14]

The given question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows.

A solution contains an unknown mass of dissolved barium ions. When sodium sulfate is added to the solution, a white precipitate forms. The precipitate is filtered and dried and then found to have a mass of 212 mg. What mass of barium was in the original solution? (Assume that all of the barium was precipitated out of solution by the reaction.)

Explanation:

When Ba^{2+} and Na_{2}SO_{4} are added  then white precipitate forms. And, reaction equation for this is as follows.

       Ba^{2+} + SO^{2-}_{4} \rightarrow BaSO_{4}

It is given that mass (m) is 212 mg or 0.212 g (as 1 g = 1000 mg). Molecular weight of BaSO_{4} is 233.43.

Now, we will calculate the number of moles as follows.

  No. of moles = mass × M.W

                        = \frac{0.212}{233.43}

                        = 0.00091 mol of BaSO_{4}

Hence, it means that 0.00091 mol of Ba^{2+}. Now, we will calculate the mass as follows.

       Mass = moles × MW

                 = 0.00091 \times 137.327

                 = 0.124 grams or 124 mg of barium

Thus, we can conclude that mass of barium into the original solution is 124 mg.

8 0
3 years ago
Identify the main function of carbohydrates. supply energy to cells store and transfer genetic information transfer chemicals bu
BaLLatris [955]

Carbohydrates are used for short term energy so it’s gonna be supply energy to the cell, proteins are used for genetic information and building muscles

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
15. When traveling through a smoke-filled area, a person must be able
maxonik [38]

When traveling through a smoke-filled area, a person must be able to have distance of at least 4 feet in order to safely reach a fire exit. That is option C.

<h3>What is a smoke-filled area?</h3>

Smoke-filled area is an enclosed area that is filled with smoke gas that is usually made up of carbon monoxide.

The smoke-filled area is usually caused by

  • Fire out break

  • Burning of plastics or chemical products

  • Release of fuming gases.

When there is smoke-filled area die to fire out break, there are some guidelines to follow to safely reach the fire exit early enough.

The importance of these guidelines include the following:

  • enable rescuers to navigate a scene more quickly,

  • identify risks and hazards,

  • locate safety points,

  • determine the safest way in and out of a building, and

  • map out evacuation routes.

The affected individual should get down and crawl while taking short breath through the nose because cleaner air is nearest to the floor.

Learn more about distance here:

brainly.com/question/7243416

#SPJ1

5 0
2 years ago
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