To add vectors we can use the head to tail method (Figure 1).
Place the tail of one vector at the tip of the other vector.
Draw an arrow from the tail of the first vector to the tip of the second vector. This new vector is the sum of the first two vectors.
Explanation:
As per Rayleigh criterion, the angular resolution is given as follows:

From this expression larger the size of aperture, smaller will be the value of angular resolution and hence, better will be the device i.e. precision for distinguishing two points at very high angular difference is higher.
The time lapse between when the bat emits the sound and when it hears the echo is 0.05 s.
From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Velocity of sound (v) = 343 m/s
Distance (x) = 8.42 m
Time (t) =?
We can obtain obtained the time as illustrated below:
v = 2x / t
343 = 2 × 8.42 / t
343 = 16.84 / t
Cross multiply
343 × t = 16.84
Divide both side by 343
t = 16.84/343
t = 0.05 s
Thus, the time between when the bat emits the sound and when it hears the echo is 0.05 s.
<h3>
How does a bat know how far away something is?</h3>
A bat emits a sound wave and carefully listens to the echoes that return to it. The returning information is processed by the bat's brain in the same way that we processed our shouting sound with a stopwatch and calculator. The bat's brain determines the distance of an object by measuring how long it takes for a noise to return.
Learn more about time elapses between when the bat emits the sound :
<u>brainly.com/question/16931690</u>
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Correction question:
A bat emits a sonar sound wave (343 m/s) that bounces off a mosquito 8.42 m away. How much time elapses between when the bat emits the sound and when it hears the echo? (Unit = s)
D. between radio waves and microwaves
Hydrogen, helium, and carbon.