The federal reserve can manipulate the economy using the fiscal policy. The tools that it uses are interest rates and money supply.
In times of recession the federal reserve generally lowers the interest rates which stimulates the economy by allowing firms to borrow money at a cheaper price. Also, the consumers are encouraged to spend more. This leads to increase in production output and hence increase in employment rates.
To control the inflation, feds increases the interest rates, which decreases consumer spending and allow them to save more. Higher interest rates mean higher price of borrowing and therefore, inflation level decreases.
When an economy has an increase in autonomous expenditure will results in a inflationary output gap.
<h3>What is Autonomous expenditure?</h3>
Autonomous expenditure refers to expenses that is incurred by a country.
It consist countries economy expenditure without the income.
Therefore, an economy starting at full employment real GDP, with an increase in autonomous expenditure results in decrease in autonomous expenditure results in a inflationary output gap.
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Answer:
$1,667.67
Explanation:
Given:
Balance in savings account at the beginning of the year = $2,000
Price level at the beginning of the year = 100
Price level at the end of the year = 120
Anything that is worth $120 in the beginning of the year is worth $100 at the end of the year.
Anything worth $1 in the beginning is worth 100/120 at the end.
So, $2,000 is worth 
= $1,667.67 at the end of the year.
Real value of savings is close to $1,667.67.
Three of the most important questions he needs to ask are the following: 1. Are you making a big purchase? This is important because the bigger the pruchase the better attention he needs to have into interest rates. 2. <span> How are you paying off your card balance?</span> the payment can be in one payment or in different ones. And 3. <span> Would you like free bonuses with your purchase? some credits offer that some others not. It is very important to have that in mind</span>
In a situation wherein Country Y has a progressive tax system for income, with no credits or deductions, a CEO earning $2.5 million per year would pay the most as a percentage of income in the country Y. Therefore, the option D holds true.
<h3>What is the significance of a progressive tax system?</h3>
A progressive tax system can be referred to or considered as a system wherein the percentage of tax to be levied increases with an increase in the total taxable income for an individual. The rates of taxation under this system are defined under percentage.
In the situation given above, when a CEO in country Y earns $2.5 million, i.e., more than any other person mentioned above, he will be the one who will have to pay the most taxes as a part of percentage of his income.
Therefore, the option D holds true and states regarding the significance of the progressive tax system.
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