In the light-dependent reactions, energy from sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and that energy is converted into stored chemical energy. In the light-independent reactions, the chemical energy harvested during the light-dependent reactions drives the assembly of sugar molecules from carbon dioxide.
The mutation seen is most likely due to a frameshift mutation. A nucleotide was added or removed without replacement. This shifted the codon reading sequence by one nucleotide. Therefore the codon downstream of the mutation will code for different amino acids.
