Amost all professions include theuse of computers. Knowing a lot about them and the way they work could help you use them when needed in a work environment. It would also make an employer more likely to hire you.
Answer:
a) Viruses
Explanation:
Vulnerability assessment is performed by variety of tools and these can be protocol analyzer, vulnerability scanner, Honeypots, port scanners, honey nets and banner grabbing tools.
Port scanners : they are used to scan the ports which can be exploited by attackers. Most of TCP/IP applications communicate using different ports and attackers can exploit these ports if they are found vulnerable. for example : ports like 80 and 443 are commonly used for HTTP and SSL communication. 22 is used for SSH and if they are open to world then it will allow attackers to use those to get the entry into the system.
Protocol Analyzers : They are used to analyze the packet captures. tools like wireshark, tshark, these tools will help user to decode HTTP/SSL/HTTPS/FTP/RSTP or any application protocols communication. this will help user to understand any unwanted or non-anticipated traffic.
Vulnerability Scanners : They are used to detect the vulnerabilities in the network or systems. these will help administrators to get the alerts whenever there are unanticipated activity. It will have two types of scanners one is active scanner and other is passive scanner. Active scanners will keep on sending probes at the fixed time slots and passibe scanners will be in listening mode all the time. These scanners will alert when a new nodes comes up or goes down or if any system gets compromised.
Honeypots and Honey nets : They are devices or softwares which are having limited security. These devices are made vulnerable purposefully so that attackers can try and attack. This will help softwares to detect the attackers when they try to exploit these open vulnerabilities. They are deceptions created with purpose.
Banner grabbing Tools : These are tools which will capture the banner information like HTTP protocol version, underlying operating system, open ssl versions being used, server software and similar information. these are important as it will open up potential vulnerabilities in the underlying software. for ex : SSLv3 has a vulnerability known to world and can be exploited by anyone.
Answer:
Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
An Array is used to store multiple variables in the memory in the continuous memory allocation on which starting index value is starting from 0 and the last index value location is size-1.
In java programming language the array.length is used to tells the size of the array so when the user wants to get the value of the last element, he needs to print the value of (array.length-1) location so the correct statement for the java programming language is to print the last element in the array named ar is--
System.out.println(ar[ar.length-1]);
No option provides the above statement, so option d (None of these) is correct while the reason behind the other option is not correct is as follows--
- Option a will prints the size of the array.
- Option b also gives the error because length is an undeclared variable.
- Option c will give the error of array bound of an exception because it begs the value of the size+1 element of the array.