Answer:
The most reactive compound is:<u> Phenol </u> because the<u> electron donating</u> character of the <u>alcohol group</u> increases the rate of the reaction.
The least reactive compound is <u>nitrobenzene</u>
because the <u>electron withdrawing</u> character of the<u> nitro group</u> decreases the rate of the reaction.
Explanation:
- PHENOL-: Any of a group of organic compounds with a hydroxyl (OH) group bound to a carbon atom in an aromatic ring is known as phenol. The word phenol is also the basic name for its simplest member, monohydroxybenzene (C6H5OH), also known as benzenol or carbolic acid, in addition to being the common name for the entire family.
- ELECTRON DONATING CHARACTER-: Via the carbon atom it is bound to, an electron donating group (EDG) has the net effect of increasing electron density in a molecule. EDGs alter a molecule's reactivity by increasing electron density on neighboring carbon atoms: EDGs make nucleophiles stronger.
- ALCOHOL GROUP-:Each of a class of organic compounds that have one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups bound to an alkyl group's carbon atom (hydrocarbon chain)is called Alcohol. Alcohols are organic compounds of water
in which one of the hydrogen atoms has been substituted by an alkyl group, which in organic structures is usually expressed by R. - NITROBENZENE-:The organic compound nitrobenzene has the chemical formula
. It's a pale yellow oil that's insoluble in water and smells like almonds. Greenish-yellow crystals form when it freezes. It is made on a wide scale as a precursor to aniline from benzene. It is sometimes used as a solvent in the laboratory, especially for electrophilic reagents. - ELECTRON WITHDRAWING GROUP-: An electron withdrawing group (EWG) is a type of group that reduces electron density in a molecule by bonding to a carbon atom. EWGs alter a molecule's reactivity by reducing electron density on neighboring carbon atoms.
- NITRO GROUP-: The nitro group is one of the most widely used explosophores (functional groups that combine to form a compound explosive). In addition, the nitro group is a heavy electron-withdrawing group. CH bonds alpha (adjacent) to the nitro group may be acidic due to this property.
Answer:
=> The colour of this stone is usually a pale greenish blue, owing to the presence of iron impurities. Stones that are treated with heat look more blue than green. On the Mohs scale of hardness, aquamarine ranges between 7.5 and 8 making it a relatively hard gemstone.
=> The best way to identify a real aquamarine stone is by looking at its colour. In its natural form, they have a pale blue colour, which is similar to seawater. They may have a slight green or yellow tint as well. Naturally occurring gems have excellent clarity and transparency.
=> The hardness of the stone is another feature you can use to identify the stone. Aquamarine stones are hard and they don’t get scratches easily. However, they can easily scratch glass and other such surfaces. So, if you find visible scratches on the stone, rethink your decision to buy it.
=> Most faceted aquamarine stones are clean to the eye and clear of any inclusions. However, translucent and opaque aquamarine is also available. These are usually fashioned into cabochons or beads. In some cases, inclusions may appear as parallel tubes. Such stones can be crafted to show a cat’s eye. Stones with cat’s eye and star effect are rare and highly priced.
Answer:
<h2>80 N</h2>
Explanation:
The force acting on an object given it's mass and acceleration can be found by using the formula
force = mass × acceleration
From the question we have
force = 20 × 4
We have the final answer as
<h3>80 N</h3>
Hope this helps you
Answer:
V₁ = 374.71 mL
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial volume of gas= ?
Initial temperature = 22°C
Final temperature = 86°C
Final volume = 456 mL
Solution:
Initial temperature = 22°C (22+273 = 295 k)
Final temperature = 86°C (86+273 = 359 k)
The given problem will be solve through the Charles Law.
According to this law, The volume of given amount of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant number of moles and pressure.
Mathematical expression:
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
V₁ = Initial volume
T₁ = Initial temperature
V₂ = Final volume
T₂ = Final temperature
Now we will put the values in formula.
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
V₁ = V₂T₁ /T₂
V₁ = 456 mL × 295 K / 359 k
V₁ = 134520 mL.K / 359 k
V₁ = 374.71 mL
