Answer:
1. The least squares regression is y = -0.1015·x + 6.51
2. The independent variable is b) age
Please see attached table
Step-by-step explanation:
The least squares regression formula is given as follows;

We have;
= 24
= 4
= -79
= 778

The least squares regression is y = -0.1015·x + α
∴ α = y -0.1015·x = 6 - (-0.1015 × 5) = 6.51
The least squares regression is thus;
y = -0.1015·x + 6.51
2. The independent variable is the age b)
3. Steps to create an ANOVA table with α = 0.05
The overall mean = (43 + 30 + 22 + 20 + 5 + 1 + 6 + 4 + 3 + 6
)/10 = 14
There are 2 different treatment = 
There are 10 different treatment measurement = 

The estimated effects are;



![\sum_{i}\SS_{row}_i = \sum_{i}\sum_{j} (y_{ij} - \bar y)= [(1 - 4)^2 + (6 - 4)^2 + (4 - 4)^2 + (3 - 4)^2 + (6 - 4)^2] = 18](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csum_%7Bi%7D%5CSS_%7Brow%7D_i%20%3D%20%5Csum_%7Bi%7D%5Csum_%7Bj%7D%20%28y_%7Bij%7D%20-%20%5Cbar%20y%29%3D%20%5B%281%20-%204%29%5E2%20%2B%20%286%20-%204%29%5E2%20%2B%20%284%20-%204%29%5E2%20%2B%20%283%20-%204%29%5E2%20%2B%20%286%20-%204%29%5E2%5D%20%3D%2018)
![\sum_{i} S S_{row}_i = \sum_{i}\sum_{j} (y_{ij} - \bar y) ^2= [(43 - 24)^2 + (30 - 24)^2 + (22 - 24)^2 + (20 - 24)^2 + (5 - 24)^2] = 778](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csum_%7Bi%7D%20S%20S_%7Brow%7D_i%20%3D%20%5Csum_%7Bi%7D%5Csum_%7Bj%7D%20%28y_%7Bij%7D%20-%20%5Cbar%20y%29%20%5E2%3D%20%5B%2843%20-%2024%29%5E2%20%2B%20%2830%20-%2024%29%5E2%20%2B%20%2822%20-%2024%29%5E2%20%2B%20%2820%20-%2024%29%5E2%20%2B%20%285%20-%2024%29%5E2%5D%20%3D%20778)

= (43 - 14)² + (30 - 14)² + (22 - 14)² + (20 - 14)² + (5 - 14)² + (1 - 14)1² + (6 - 4
)² + (3 - 14)² + (6 - 14)² = 1796


F- value is given by the relation;

We then look for the critical values at degrees of freedom 1 and 8 at α = 0.05 on the F-distribution tables 5.3177
Hence;
, we reject the null hypothesis.