Rutherford was one of the early scientists who worked on the atomic model. Before his discovery of the nucleus, the widely accepted theory was J.J Thomson's Plum Pudding Model. In this model, all the protons, electrons and neutrons are in the nucleus. But the electrons are more in number such that the electrons act as the 'pudding' and the proton and nucleus the 'plum'. This was Rutherford's hypothesis in his gold foil experiment. In order to test the Plum Pudding model, he hypothesized that when a beam of light is aimed at the atom, it would not diffract because the charges in the nucleus are well-distributed. However, his experiment disproved Thomson's model. Some light indeed passed through but a few was diffracted back to the source. He concluded that this was because there is a dense mass inside the atom called nucleus. Thus, from there on, he proposed the model that the electrons are orbiting around the nucleus.
Answer:
0.20 mol
Explanation:
Let's consider the reduction of iron from an aqueous solution of iron (II).
Fe²⁺ + 2 e⁻ ⇒ Fe
The molar mass of Fe is 55.85 g/mol. The moles corresponding to 5.6 g of Fe are:
5.6 g × 1 mol/55.85 g = 0.10 mol
2 moles of electrons are required to deposit 1 mole of Fe. The moles of electrons required to deposit 0.10 moles of Fe are
0.10 mol Fe × 2 mol e⁻/1 mol Fe = 0.20 mol e⁻
Instability
Explanation:
Isotopes decays because they are unstable. Stable isotopes do not decay.
- For every atomic nucleus, there is a specific neutron/proton ratio.
- This ratio ensure that a nuclide is stable.
- For example, fluorine F, is 10/9 stable.
- Any nucleus with a neutron/proton combination different from its stability ratio either too many neutrons or too many protons will become unstable.
- Such nuclide will split into one or more other nuclei with the emission of small particles of matter and considerable amount of energy.
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Answer:
P = 164 Atm
Explanation:
PV = nRT => P = nRT/V
n = 10.0 moles
R = 0.08206 L·Atm/mol·K
T = 27.0°C = 300 K
V = 1.50 Liters
P = (10.0 mol)(0.08206 L·Atm/mol·K )(300 K)/(1.50 Liters) = 164.12 Atm ≅ 164 Atm (3 sig. figs.)
