Bromine.
Oxygen, selenium, and sulfur are all in group 16 and have 6 valence electrons. Bromine is in group 17 and has 7 valence electrons. The closer to 8 (a full, stable octet) you get, the less likely the element is to react.
Answer: There is a single covalent bond in a chlorine molecule.
Explanation: The chlorine molecule is represented as Cl−Cl, i.e. C
l2. Between the chlorine atoms, 2 electrons overlap to form a region of high electron density to which the positively charged chlorine nuclei are attracted, such that internuclear repulsion is negated and a net attractive force results. Because the bonding electrons are shared between the nuclei, we conceive that each atom has 8 valence electrons.
Of course, on reaction with sodium, the sodium reduces the chlorine molecule to give 2×Cl−. The resultant bond between Na+ and Cl−is ionic and a non-molecular substance results.
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The molecular formula of quinine is C20H<span>24N2</span>O<span>2. For every 1 mole of quinine molecule, there are 20 moles of carbon. Simply multiplying 6.0 moles by 20, we get, 120 moles.
Therefore, there are 120 moles of carbon in 6.0 moles of quinine.</span>
Answer:
CH4 < CH3CH3 < CH3CH2CH3
Explanation:
Alkanes are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons that undergoes intermolecular Van der waals forces. Van der waals forces are the attractive forces which make it possible for non-polar molecules to form liquids and solids.
Van der waals force are described as intermolecular forces arising from induced fluctuating dipoles in atoms and molecules brought about by movement of electrons around the atomic nucleus.
An example of the Van der waals force is the london dispersion force that occurs in the alkane family. It is the weakest of all electrical forces that act between atoms and molecules, These forces are responsible for liquefaction or solidification of non-polar substances at low temperature.
The strength of the intermolecular forces is based on the number of electrons surrounding the molecule and the surface area of the molecule. SO, in alkanes, the longer the carbon chain, the more stronger the intermolecular forces.
