The given balanced chemical equation:
![CaCO_{3}(s) +2 HCl (aq) --> CaCl_{2}(aq)+H_{2}O(l) + CO_{2}(g)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20CaCO_%7B3%7D%28s%29%20%2B2%20HCl%20%28aq%29%20--%3E%20CaCl_%7B2%7D%28aq%29%2BH_%7B2%7DO%28l%29%20%2B%20CO_%7B2%7D%28g%29%20%20%20%20%20)
Calculating the moles of carbon-dioxide:
Given, moles of ![CaCO_{3} = 0.00500 mol CaCO_{3}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20CaCO_%7B3%7D%20%3D%200.00500%20mol%20CaCO_%7B3%7D%20%20%20)
Moles of ![CO_{2} = 0.00500 mol CaCO_{3} * \frac{1 mol CO_{2}}{1 mol CaCO_{3}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20CO_%7B2%7D%20%3D%200.00500%20mol%20CaCO_%7B3%7D%20%2A%20%5Cfrac%7B1%20mol%20CO_%7B2%7D%7D%7B1%20mol%20CaCO_%7B3%7D%7D%20%20%20%20%20)
![= 0.00500 mol CO_{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%3D%200.00500%20mol%20CO_%7B2%7D%20%20)
Using the ideal gas equation to find out volume from moles, pressure and temperature:
PV = nRT
![P is the pressure = 100 kPa *\frac{1 atm}{101.325 kPa} = 0.987 atm](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20P%20is%20the%20pressure%20%3D%20100%20kPa%20%2A%5Cfrac%7B1%20atm%7D%7B101.325%20kPa%7D%20%3D%20%200.987%20atm%20)
![T is the temperature = 25^{0}C + 273 = 298 K](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20T%20is%20the%20temperature%20%3D%2025%5E%7B0%7DC%20%2B%20273%20%3D%20298%20K%20%20)
![(0.987 atm)(V) = (0.00500 mol)(0.08206 \frac{L.atm}{(mol.K)}(298K)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%280.987%20atm%29%28V%29%20%3D%20%280.00500%20mol%29%280.08206%20%5Cfrac%7BL.atm%7D%7B%28mol.K%29%7D%28298K%29%20)
V = 0.124 L or 124 mL
Therefore, 124 mL of carbon dioxide will be collected.
We know that there are 100 cm in 1 m, so we need to add that into the conversion:
![(\frac{0.00082 m}{1})*(\frac{1m}{100cm})*(\frac{5.06cm}{1})=0.00004149 m^{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%28%5Cfrac%7B0.00082%20m%7D%7B1%7D%29%2A%28%5Cfrac%7B1m%7D%7B100cm%7D%29%2A%28%5Cfrac%7B5.06cm%7D%7B1%7D%29%3D0.00004149%20m%5E%7B2%7D%20%20%20%20)
Or, in scientific notation:
![4.15x10^{-5}m^{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%204.15x10%5E%7B-5%7Dm%5E%7B2%7D%20)
<h2>D.
They contain the same number of elements.</h2>
Explanation:
The formula (Ba(NO3)2) contains 9 atoms.
1 Barium atom (Ba)
Contains 2 NO3 groups -
2 Nitrogen atoms (N) x 2
6 Oxygen atoms (O3) x 2
3 Elements in total
The formula (Sc(NO3)3) contains 13 atoms.
1 Scandium atom (Sc)
Contains 3 NO3 groups -
3 Nitrogen atoms (N) x 3
9 Oxygen atoms (O3) x 3
3 Elements in total
They do not have the same number of atoms.
They do not have the same number of oxygen atoms.
They do not contain the same number of NO3 groups.
They do have the same number of elements.
We know that ionic radii trends have the elements ionic radii increasing right to left in a row and top to bottom in a group with Groups 13-18 having their respective exceptions.
That being said, since Ca2+ and Mg2+ are in the same group, we know that Mg2+ has a smaller radius that Ca2+.
So Mg2+ < Ca2+
And we know that Cl- and S2- are both two large atoms, due to them being found in group 17 and 16 respectively. Both of these atoms have a larger radius than Ca2+ due to them being an exception.
So we can write: Mg2+ < Ca2+ < Cl- and S2-
One way to know the exact figures for sure is to have a table on hand with all of the ionic radii. Using a table, we know that the actual ordering of the atoms is:
Mg2+< Ca2+ < Cl- < S2-
Therefore, Mg2+ has the smallest ionic radius.
Answer:
Following is attached the solution for the question part by part.
I hope it will help you a lot!
Explanation: