B. Crystalline structure
C. Types of chemical elements
And
D. Amounts of chemical elements
Possession of flagellum is not a taxonomic feature. many different unrelated organisms have flagellum. euglena, zooflagellates but also some fungi or even human sperm cells.
Organisms that originated in a certain geographic region and can only be found in that region are said to be endemic.
Explanation:
Endemic organisms are taxonomic species (plants and animals) which originates and distributed only in specific geographic regions. This state of evolution is called endemism.
They are said to be native or indigenous to that particular region which can be an ecological habitat, an entire nation, an island, a mountain range etc. Certain parts are known for majority of their species being endemic like St. Helen Island, New Caledonia Island, Hawaiian Islands, Southern regions of Africa, and Australia.
The species becomes endemic to a particular region because of the presence of certain bio-geographical environmental qualities of that habitat which are favorable to that species.
When these conditions become unfavorable, then species becomes restricted leading to endangerment or extinction of the species.
Examples:
- Kangaroo - Australia
- Nilgiri Tahr, - Nilgiri Hills, India
- The Redwood trees of West Coast of the USA
- Plants like kalo, sumac of Hawaii
Answer: Four amino acids.
Explanation:
RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) are polymers made up of long chains of nucleotides. Thus, a nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids and consists of a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) linked to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. <u>The nitrogenous bases can be Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) or Uracil (U) replacing T in RNA</u>. DNA is the molecule that stores the genetic information to synthesize polypeptides or proteins (set of amino acids). When proteins need to be created, DNA is transcribed into RNA and this RNA is translated in ribosomes to create polypeptides.
Complementarity is the ability to combine with their complement. A and T (or U) are complementary, while C and G are complementary to each other. Complementarity is the principle of replication and transcription, because it is a propery of both DNA and RNA sequences. Their the nucleotide bases at each position of the sequences are complementary, allowing cells to copy information.
Nucleotides in RNA are grouped into codons, which consist of groups of 3 nucleotides where each codon codes for an amino acid. Therefore, <u>the sequence of bases in nucleic acids determines which protein will be synthesized</u>. Protein synthesis begins with a start codon (AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine) and ends with a stop codon (UGA, UAG and UAA). So, if there are 15 nucleotides, there are 15 bases. Since they are grouped in groups of 3, we will have a polypeptide of 4 amino acids.
<u>3 nucleotides form a codon, so 12 nucleotides form 4 codons giving 4 amino acids. The last codon, is formed by the last 3 nucleotides and form the stop codon that stop protein synthesis</u>.
