<span>C. less energy than X-rays and gamma rays.
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Answer:
During prophase, which occurs after G2 interphase, the cell prepares to divide by tightly condensing its chromosomes and initiates mitotic spindle formation. The chromatin fibers condenses into discrete chromosomes. The nucleolus also disappears during early prophase.
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Food,water,living space and disease examples of <u><em>The density dependent factors.</em></u>
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'RNA is transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm', 'transcription produces an mRNA ready for translation' and 'RNA is proofread for errors' occur in prokaryotes, whereas '5′ cap, 3' poly-(A) tail and RNA splicing' occur in eukaryotes.
The prokaryotic cells (e.g., bacterial cells) do not contain cell nuclei, thereby the messenger RNA (mRNA) must be transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm.
During prokaryotic transcription, the RNA transcript is proofread for errors. In bacteria, DNA polymerases proofread the transcript by using their 3’ → 5’ exonuclease activity.
In eukaryotic cells, RNA processing consists of several mechanisms:
- A 7-methylguanosine cap (5′ cap) is added to the 5′ end of the precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).
- A 3' poly-Adenine (A) tail is added to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA.
- Both the 5′ cap and 3' poly-(A) tail protect the RNA transcript from its degradation by exonucleases.
- Eukaryotic RNA splicing consists of the removal of non-coding regions called 'introns' and subsequent splicing of the protein-coding regions called 'exons'.
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Answer:
selective breeding; biotechnology
Explanation:
Selective breeding is a type of artificial selection that consists of crossing plants/animals with desirable and heritable phenotypic traits in order to increase the frequency of such traits in progeny. Selective breeding can be considered as one of the first biotechnological techniques applied by humans. In the past, the selective breeding technique has allowed obtaining domesticated animals (e.g., dogs from wild wolves) and domesticated crops from their wild ancestors (e.g., maize from its wild ancestor teosinte).
