Atoms are made up of protons , electrons and neutrons ..,, Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons are called isotopes. Saying that substance “contains only one type of atom “ really means that it contains only atoms that all have the same number of protons .
In a galvanic cell, the flow of electrons will be from the anode to cathode through the circuit .
Whether a cell is an electrolysis cell (non-spontaneous chemistry driven by forcing electricity from an external energy source) or a galvanic cell (spontaneous chemistry driving electricity), will determine the charge of the anode and the cathode. Depending on where the electrons encounter resistance and find it difficult to pass, a negative charge may emerge. Therefore, you cannot determine the direction of the current just on the charge on the electrode.
Oxidation and reduction always take place at the anode and cathode, respectively.
An element undergoes oxidation when it surrenders one or more electrons to become more positively charged. These electrons leave the chemicals in any type of cell and travel to the anode, where they enter the external circuit.
An element picks up an electron during reduction to become more negatively charged (less positive, lower oxidation state). These electrons are captured from the external circuit at the cathode in both types of cells.
Therefore, no matter what kind of cell you are dealing with, the oxidizing chemicals at the anode transfer the electrons to the external circuit; these electrons then move through the circuit from the anode to the cathode, where they are captured by the reducing chemicals. The electrons always go from the anode to the cathode via the external circuit.
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Answer:
The given molecules are SO2 and BrF5.
Explanation:
Consider the molecule SO2:
The central atom is S.
The number of domains on S in this molecule is three.
Domain geometry is trigonal planar.
But there is a lone pair on the central atom.
So, according to VSEPR theory,
the molecular geometry becomes bent or V-shape.
Hybridization on the central atom is
.
Consider the molecule BrF5:
The central atom is Br.
The number of domains on the central atom is six.
Domain geometry is octahedral.
But the central atom has a lone pair of electrons.
So, the molecular geometry becomes square pyramidal.
The hybridization of the central atom is 
.
The shapes of SO2 and BrF5 are shown below:
Answer:
1.1 × 10⁻⁴ M
Explanation:
Let's consider the following double displacement reaction.
CuCl₂(aq) + 2 AgNO₃(aq) → 2 AgCl(s)+ Cu(NO₃)₂(aq)
We can establish the following relations:
- The molar mass of AgCl is 143.32 g/mol.
- The molar ratio of AgCl to CuCl₂ is 2:1
The moles of CuCl₂ that reacted to produce 7.7 mg of AgCl are:
The molarity of CuCl₂ is:
Answer:
Ammonia > Urea > Ammonium nitrate > Ammonium sulphate
Explanation:
Percentage by mass of nitrogen in NH3:
Molar mass of NH3= 17 g/mol
Hence % by mass = 14/17 × 100 = 82.35%
% by mass of NH4NO3
Molar mass of NH4NO3 = 80.043 g/mol
Hence; 28/80.043 × 100 = 34.98%
% by mass of (NH4)2SO4;
Molar mass of (NH4)2SO4= 132.14 g/mol
Hence; 28/132.14 × 100 = 21.19%
% by mass of CH4N2O
Molar mass of urea = 60.0553 g/mol
Hence 28/60.0553 × 100 = 46.62%
