1. 5/11
2. 11
3. 2
These are all just properties of logarithms.
27-9r
explaintion:
3•9+3•-3r
27+3•-3r=
27-9r
Consider this option:
1. if to re-write the condition, it is given: total time t=8 hours; upstream=downstream=6 miles; V_boat=4 m/h., V_current=V=?
2. note, that total time=time_upstream+time_downstream, where time_upstream=6miles/(V_boat-V) and time_downstream=6miles/(V_boat+V). Using this it is possible to make up and solve the following equation:

answer: √10
P.S. the roots of the equation are √10 and (-√10), only positive values is needed for V.
There are infinite equivalent expressions. Here are some:
1/5(m-100)
20(1/100m-1)
1/5m-(4•5)
If you expand any of these or any of the terms, you will get an equivalent expression.
What answers well whats the question?