Speciation is not a mechanism of microevolution.
The answer is b equal and opposite horizontal forces
Answer:
cAMP dependent pathway is important for processing of life.
Explanation:
cAMP pathway is also called as adenynyl cyclase pathway.
This mechanism requires different steps like-
- G protein coupled receptor is a integral protein that is activated by different external stimuli which binds with the specific ligand.
- Extracellular ligand causes activation of GPCR which in turn is responsible for conformational change in the receptor and allows it to bind with the intracellular heterotrimeric G protein complex.
- The Gα stimulate G protein complex to exchange GDP for GTP and then the complex is released.
- Activated Gα binds with adenylate cyclase and catalyzes ATP to form cyclic AMP.
- Activation of cAMP leads to the activation of nucleotide gated ion channel, and PKa(Protein kinase A) which is also called as cAMP dependent enzyme.
- Once, PKA is activated,it causes phospholylation of other proteins like AMPA receptor,transcription factors which regulate gene expression, and convert glycogen into glucose.
Fossils give Scientists look into past life. A dinosaur that mixes together a reptile and a bird helps scientists understand present day reptiles & birds. Animal Ancestry helps Scientists discover what ancestors of present day animals are. example: a dinosaur and an alligator. DNA sequences help with this. By matching together the strands of DNA from these fossils can help scientists match together the strands of DNA sequences For example the gene for a protein found in a horse will overlap in sequence fairly well with the protein gene from a cow but will not match very well with a worm.
