Answer:
r=P/C, where P is the amount of useful output ("product") produced per the amount C ("cost") of resources consumed.
Explanation:
Efficiency is often measured as the ratio of useful output to total input, which can be expressed with the mathematical formula r=P/C, where P is the amount of useful output ("product") produced per the amount C ("cost") of resources consumed.
During an exothermic reaction; light and heat are released into the environment.
An exothermic reaction is one in which heat is released to the environment. This heat can be physically observed sometimes like in an a combustion reaction.
In an exothermic reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is greater than the enthalpy of the products.
This heat lost is sometimes felt as the hotness of the vessel in which the reaction has taken place.
In conclusion, light and heat are released into the environment in an exothermic reaction.
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The stage where atoms are spread out and bouncy is the gas stage.
Answer:
i. The radius 'r' of the electron's path is 4.23 ×
m.
ii. The frequency 'f' of the motion is 455.44 KHz.
Explanation:
The radius 'r' of the electron's path is called a gyroradius. Gyroradius is the radius of the circular motion of a charged particle in the presence of a uniform magnetic field.
r = 
Where: B is the strength magnetic field, q is the charge, v is its velocity and m is the mass of the particle.
From the question, B = 1.63 ×
T, v = 121 m/s, Θ =
(since it enters perpendicularly to the field), q = e = 1.6 ×
C and m = 9.11 ×
Kg.
Thus,
r =
÷ sinΘ
But, sinΘ = sin
= 1.
So that;
r = 
= (9.11 ×
× 121) ÷ (1.6 ×
× 1.63 ×
)
= 1.10231 ×
÷ 2.608 × 
= 4.2266 ×
= 4.23 ×
m
The radius 'r' of the electron's path is 4.23 ×
m.
B. The frequency 'f' of the motion is called cyclotron frequency;
f = 
= (1.6 ×
× 1.63 ×
) ÷ (2 ×
× 9.11 ×
)
= 2.608 ×
÷ 5.7263 × 
= 455442.4323
f = 455.44 KHz
The frequency 'f' of the motion is 455.44 KHz.