D. Matter is anything that is made of organic substances and is found on the earth.
<u>Answer:</u> The initial volume of the gas is 16.55 mL
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the final temperature of the system, we use the equation given by Charles' Law. This law states that volume of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant pressure.
Mathematically,

where,
are the initial volume and temperature of the gas.
are the final volume and temperature of the gas.
We are given:

Putting values in above equation, we get:

Hence, the initial volume of the gas is 16.55 mL
Answer: 
Explanation:
Complete ionic equation : In complete ionic equation, all the substance that are strong electrolyte and are present in an aqueous state and represented in the form of ions.
Net ionic equation : In the net ionic equations, we do not not include the spectator ions in the equations.
Spectator ions : The ions present on reactant and product side which do not participate in a reactions. The same ions present on both the sides.
The complete balanced ionic equation will be:
In this equation,
are the spectator ions.
By removing the spectator ions from the balanced ionic equation, we get the net ionic equation.
The net ionic equation will be:

The scientist that performed the cathode ray experiment leading to the discovery of electrons is J.J. Thomson.
<h3>What is a cathode ray?</h3>
A cathode ray is a tube that contains negatively charged electrode( that is the cathode) which emits electrons when heated at a low pressure.
The cathode ray was used by the scientist, J.J. Thomson to find the ratio of charge to mass (e/m) of the electrons.
Therefore, the scientist that performed the cathode ray experiment leading to the discovery of electrons is J.J. Thomson.
Learn more about electrons here:
brainly.com/question/11316046
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