Answer:
The correct answer is letter "E": The government implemented a generous welfare plan 3 years ago to support people who cannot find work.
Explanation:
According to the excerpt, a government implemented fiscal policies to increase employment for the past two years but the rate has not risen since then. One of the reasons for such a situation could be <em>generous welfare support</em> implemented one year before the fiscal policy measures started.
<em>If the benefits for the unemployed increase they will be discouraged to return to the labor force</em>. It implies the government should keep the welfare benefits at a level from where unemployed individuals can cover basic needs only but encourage them to find a job to be productive for the economy.
The way economists would probably explain the wastage of
this clam resource is by saying that clams are free goods and are therefore
subject to the tragedy of the commons effect. The tragedy of the commons effect
is a theory in economics, postulated by the Victorian economist William Forster
Lloyd.
The tragedy of the commons effect describes a condition
within a shared-resource system where each user act freely according to their
own self-interest, but their collective actions ends in the depletion or spoilage
of that resource, thus having a negative impact on the common good of all users.
In this case, commons is taken to refer to the clam resources.
Answer:
The corrects answers for this would be A and C.
Explanation:
As you can see, for both a and c, those are the only two answers that have a negative outcome, hence the negative externality.
Answer:
Price
The price in the short-run will decrease because with less marginal costs, producers would produce more goods and services which would shift the supply curve to the right. The new intersection with the demand curve will be at a lower price.
Quantity
As said above, producers would produce more goods and services which means that the quantity supplied will increase.
Profit
This is a competitive market. Each firm will earn zero profits because the drop in price will match the drop in marginal costs to ensure that firms are not making anything extra.
