Hydrogen has the smaller, lighter, simpler nucleus.
Helium has the larger, heavier, more complex nucleus.
Hydrogen nuclei are fused to form helium nuclei.
When that happens, energy is released.
The black means that it is a great emitter/absorber of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic radiation is reflected of the white and absorbed nurture black meaning that the temperature of the black tarmac increases to that greater the the white
Because Mars is too far away for its gravitational pull to affect us, in addition Earths gravitational pull is greater than Mars anyways.
Question 4 is true, question 5 is B.
Directly proportional to pressure