Answer:
The heat of reaction is basically the energy that is being released and or absorbed when chemicals are transformed in a type of chemical reaction. However, the heat of reaction or also called reaction enthalpy is mostly or typically expressed as a molar enthalpy in kJ/mol and or as just a specific enthalpy in kJ/kg or kJ/L.
Answer:
Radiation effects on electrical equipment depend on the equipment and on the type of ionizing radiation to which it is exposed.
First, beta radiation has little, if any, effect on electrical equipment because this type of ionizing radiation is easily shielded. The equipment housing and the construction of the parts within the housing will protect the equipment from beta-radiation (high-energy electrons) exposure.
Gamma radiation is penetrating and can affect most electrical equipment. Simple equipment (like motors, switches, incandescent lights, wiring, and solenoids) is very radiation resistant and may never show any radiation effects, even after a very large radiation exposure. Diodes and computer chips (electronics) are much more sensitive to gamma radiation. To give you a comparison of effects, it takes a radiation dose of about 5 Sv to cause death to most people. Diodes and computer chips will show very little functional detriment up to about 50 to 100 Sv. Also, some electronics can be "hardened" (made to be not affected as much by larger gamma radiation doses) by providing shielding or by selecting radiation-resistant materials.
Some electronics do exhibit a recovery after being exposed to gamma radiation, after the radiation is stopped. But the recovery is hardly ever back to 100% functionality. Also, if the electronics are exposed to gamma radiation while unpowered, the gamma radiation effects are less.
Ionizing radiation breaks down the materials within the electrical equipment. For example, when wiring is exposed to gamma rays, no change is noticed until the wiring is flexed or bent. The wire's insulation becomes brittle and will break and may cause shorts in the equipment. The effect on diodes and computer chips is a bit more complex. The gamma rays disrupt the crystalline nature of the inside of the electronic component. Its function is degraded and then fails as more gamma radiation exposure is received by the electronic component.
Gamma rays do not affect the signals within the device or the signals received by the device. Nonionizing radiation (like radio signals, microwaves, and electromagnetic pulses) DO mess with the signals within and received by the device. I put a cheap electronic game in my microwave oven at home. It arced and sparked and was totally ruined. I didn’t waste any more of my time playing that game.
Hope this helps.
Explanation:
MARK ME AS BARINIEST PLS
Answer:
here
Explanation:
0.000141 to kilowatt-hours. hope this helped
Answer
A)The volume decreases by a factor of 4
B), the volume has increased by factor of 2
Explanation:
A)Given:
P1= 760Kpa
P2 =202Kpa
The temperature changes from37C to155C
There is increase In pressure from P1 to P2
P1= 760torr.
We need to convert to Kpa
But, 1atm= 760torr
Then 760torr 101000pa
Then 101000pa = 101Kpa
We need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin
T1= 37+273= 310K
But from ideal gas, we know that PV = nRT where nR is constant
Where P= pressure
V= volume
T= temperature
n = number of moles
(P1V1/T1)=(P2V2/T2)
V1/V2 = P2/P1 * T1/T2
V1/V2 = (202/101)*(310/155)
V1/V2=4
Therefore, the volume has decreased by factor of 4
B)
Given:
P1= 2atm
P2 =101Kpa
The temperature changes from 305K to 32C
There is increase In pressure from P1 to P2
P1= 2atm
We need to convert to Kpa
But, 1atm= 760torr
Then 760torr 101000pa
Then 101000pa = 101Kpa
P1= 202.65kpa
We need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin
T2= 32+273= 305K
But from ideal gas, we know that PV = nRT
Where P= pressure
V= volume
T= temperature
n = number of moles
(P1V1/T1)=(P2V2/T2)
V1/V2 = P2/P1 * T1/T2
V1/V2 = (202/101)
V1/V2 = (101/202.65)*(305/305)
V1/V2 = 1/2
Therefore, the volume has increased by factor of 2
Answer: kinetic energy
Explanation: kenitic energey is answer1 Awnser2 potentialand 3 is friction
